Table 2 Clinical parameters for qMSP on cfDNA samples
Training cohort (n = 91) | Validation cohort (n = 89) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Group | Late-stage HCC | Early-stage HCC | Cirrhosis | Late-stage HCC | Early-stage HCC | Cirrhosis |
N | 29 | 30 | 32 | 24 | 37 | 28 |
Age, median | 69 | 70 | 65 | 68 | 67 | 65 |
Gender, male | 23 (79.3%) | 23 (76.7%) | 24 (75.0%) | 18 (75.0%) | 26 (70.3%) | 16 (57.1%) |
Cirrhosis | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% |
Etiology | ||||||
 MASLD | 10 (34.4%) | 15 (50.0%) | 10 (31.3%) | 6 (25.0%) | 17 (45.9%) | 19 (67.9%) |
 ALD | 16 (55.2%) | 14 (46.7%) | 18 (56.3%) | 12 (50.0%) | 8 (21.6%) | 4 (14.3%) |
 HBV | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
 HCV | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
 Others | 3 (10.3%) | 1 (3.3%) | 3 (9.4%) | 6 (25.0%) | 12 (32.4%) | 5 (17.9%) |
Tumor size, cm | 4.8 (3.0–7.5) | 2.8 (1.8–4.0) | NA | 4.5 (3.5–6.0) | 2.5 (2.2–3.6) | NA |
BCLC Stage | ||||||
 BCLC 0-A | 0 | 30 (100%) | NA | 0 | 37 (100%) | NA |
 BCLC B | 15 (51.7%) | 0 | NA | 13 (54.2%) | 0 | NA |
 BCLC C-D | 14 (48.3%) | 0 | NA | 11 (45.8%) | 0 | NA |
AFP, ng/mL | 7.7(4.6–55.2) | 6.0(3.9–28.6) | 4.2(3.4–5.4) | 20.5(10.7–460.2) | 9.0(5.5–15.2) | 4.9(3.2–6.9) |
PIVKA-II, mAU/ml | 901(169–10,728) | 196(82–971) | 68(44–197) | 645(345–2957) | 269(107–618) | 58(48–101) |
ASAP/GAAD | 2.35(0.21–3.68) | 0.63(−0.04–2.56) | −0.47(−1.23–0.07) | 1.73(1.14–5.07) | 0.89(−0.07–1.51) | −0.52(−1.42–0.37) |