Fig. 2

MS-275 activates NK cell-mediated cytotoxic pathways and modulates NK cell ligand expression. A Normalized enrichment scores (NESs) for the indicated KEGG and hallmark gene sets (MSigDB) that were enriched in MS-275-treated TT150630, TT190326, and SU-DIPGXIII cells relative to control cells (adjusted p < 0.05) in the gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) (performed with the GSEA R package). The lack of significant changes (p > 0.05) colored white. B GSEA analysis using the “KEGG nature killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity” gene set to compare MS-275-treated and control DMG cells (TT190326, TT150630, and SU-DIPGXIII). C Heatmap of NK cell ligand genes from RNA-seq transcriptome analysis of TT150630, TT190326, and SU-DIPGXIII cells. D RT‒qPCR analysis of the relative expression of NK cell ligands in TT150630 cells treated with different concentrations of MS-275 (0.1 µM, 1 µM, or 3 µM) for 2 days. Statistical significance was assessed via one-way ANOVA with *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, and ****p < 0.0001. E RT‒qPCR analysis of the relative expression of NK cell ligands in the indicated DMG cells treated with 1µM MS-275 for 2 days. Statistical significance was assessed via Student’s t test, with *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, and ****p < 0.0001