Fig. 1

ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 differentially regulate migration depending on the AR status. A Analysis of the relative cell migration of LNCaP, C4-2B, and PC3 cells upon knockdown of ALDH1A1 or ALDH1A3 expression using Oris migration assay. Cells transfected with scrambled siRNA (siScr) were used as a control. Cell migration was analysed 24 h after cell plating. AR + : androgen receptor positive; AR-: androgen receptor negative; AD: androgen dependent; AI: androgen independent; n ≥ 3; Error bars = SD; *p < 0.05. B The Kaplan–Meier analyses of the biochemical recurrence-free survival (BRFS) and metastasis-free survival (MFS) for patients with high-risk and locally advanced PCa treated with ADT and then concurrently with one of three radiotherapy regimens as described in Table 3. The patients were stratified by the most significant cut-off for ALDH1A1 expression levels. C Correlation of mRNA expression levels of ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 genes and gene sets related to cell motility, tumor metastasis, EMT and androgen signaling in the TCGA PRAD patient cohort (n = 490). The gene lists are provided in Table S2. D Correlation of mRNA expression levels of ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 genes and metastasis-related genes in the TCGA PRAD patient cohort (n = 490). The arrow indicates a correlation with TGFB1. E Levels of mRNA expression of the metastasis-related genes which highly correlate with ALDH1A1 expression (as in panel D) in PC3 and LNCaP cell lines. The arrow indicates the level of TGFB1 expression. F Correlation of mRNA expression levels of ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 genes and gene sets related to the TGFβ1 signaling targets and TGFβ1 / BMP signaling targets in the TCGA PRAD patient cohort (n = 490). The gene lists are provided in Table S2