Fig. 1

V-ATPase inhibition in GSCs decreases glioma growth in vivo. a, b Luciferase-transduced GSCs treated with vehicle or 5 nM BafA1 for 24 h were intracranially injected in nude mice and glioma growth in vivo was evaluated by luciferase emission up to 144 days (BL Intensity; a,b). At sacrifice brains were collected and formalin-fixed and paraffine-embedded for morpho-histological examination. Then, a section was stained with STEM121, phosphorylated S6 at Serine 240/244 (pS6) and ki67 antibodies (brown color; c) to visualize respectively glioma cell infiltration in the brain parenchyma, cell growth and proliferation. STEM121, pS6 and ki67 staining was quantified using Image Scope (Leica) (j). Scale bar 1 mm left panel, 100 μm zoomed inset. Representative images are shown for A and C panels. **, p = 0.003 by Mann–Whitney U test