Fig. 11

Graphical abstract. Compared to LGG, HGG exhibited elevated levels of DNM1L/DRP1 and its receptor FIS1, demonstrating a more pronounced inclination towards mitochondrial division. Additionally, it displayed significantly enhanced autophagy and antioxidant stress resistance, leading to structural remodeling of the MRC and augmentation of OXPHOS, ultimately conferring robust progression capabilities. Conversely, another DNM1L/DRP1 receptor MFF played an opposing role in the advancement of MRC, OXPHOS, and HGG. Therefore, we propose that targeted down-regulation of the DNM1L/DRP1-FIS1 axis holds potential for therapeutic intervention in HGG